These stimuli were used in the following experiment:
GERNSBACHER, M. A., ROBERTSON, R. R. W., ROOTBERG, B. S., CAMPANA, M. E., & WERNER, N.K. (2001). The ubiquity of the advantage of first mention. Unpublished manuscript.
Instructions:
This is an experiment in how people comprehend sentences. It is NOT a test of your personality or intelligence. In this experiment you will be using the keys in front of you. While pressing the keys it is very important that you only press the keys when you are told to. Also, do not hold down a key or press it more than once. The keys act just like keys on a keyboard.
In this experiment you will be hearing tones over the headphones, so please put on the headphones now. There are volume adjuster knobs on either side to adjust the sound if it is too loud or too soft.
Please press the yes key when you have the headphones on.
In this experiment, you will be reading sentences. The sentences are NOT related. That is, each sentence should be understood separately from the others. Please read each sentence carefully.
Before each sentence begins, you will hear a tone. This is your cue to get ready to read that sentence. After you hear the warning tone, the sentence will be shown, broken into four segments.
Here is an example of a warning tone and a sentence.
Timidly / Keith fed the pelicans, and / somberly / Keith watched the seagulls.
Like the example you just read, each sentence will be about a person’s activities. Your job is to read each sentence and understand it as well as you can. We want to make sure that you are really understanding each sentence. So, after some of the sentences we will ask you a test question about the sentence you just read. When you are going to be asked a test question, the word “QUESTION” will appear at the bottom of the screen. It will look like this:
QUESTION?
Immediately after the word QUESTION disappears from the screen, the actual question will be shown. For instance, a test question about the example sentence you read just a second ago might be:
How did Keith feed the pelicans?
When the test question is shown, two answers will also be shown.
For example:
How did Keith feed the pelicans?
timidly somberly
To answer each test question you simply choose one of the two answers shown on the screen. To indicate to us which answer you have chosen, we want you to press one of the two keys on the keyboard on the table before you. Press the key that’s on the LEFT to indicate that the answer that appears on the left side of the screen is correct. Press the key that’s on the RIGHT to indicate that the answer that appears on the right side of the screen is correct. Don’t worry that the keys are labeled “YES” and “NO”. You won’t need that for this part of the task. Simply use the key on the LEFT to indicate the answer on the left and the key on the RIGHT to choose the answer on the right.
For the example question,
How did Keith feed the pelicans?
timidly somberly
the correct answer is “timidly”. So, to respond to this question you should press the key on the left.
Some of the questions are relatively difficult. But we want you to try to answer each one as ACCURATELY as you possibly can. The keys that you are pressing are connected to a computer that will record how accurately you answer each question. If you answer correctly, you’ll be shown the word “CORRECT” on the computer screen. If you answer incorrectly you’ll be shown the word “WRONG”. If you take more than 10 seconds to answer you’ll be shown the words “NO ANSWER”.
Now, let’s try another practice sentence and test question.
Heartily / Martha ate a bratwurst, and / anxiously / Martha cheered on the team.
What did Martha do anxiously?
ate a bratwurst cheered on the team
So, now you know how to do your primary task. You’ll also have a secondary task. The secondary task is this: After each sentence a word will appear on the screen. Your task is to decide whether that word occurred in the sentence you just read. If the word did occur in the sentence you just read, press the key labeled “YES”. If the word did NOT occur in the sentence you just read, press the key labeled “NO”. Once again, we would like you to answer as QUICKLY but also as ACCURATELY as you can. If you respond correctly, you’ll be shown the word “CORRECT” on the computer screen. If you respond incorrectly you’ll be shown the word “WRONG”, and if you take more than 5 seconds to respond you’ll be shown the words “NO ANSWER”. Let’s try an example.
Groggily / Todd drank some ale, and / drunkenly / Todd ate some pretzels.
(numbly)
In the previous example, you should have answered “NO” because “NUMBLY” did not appear in the sentence.
OK. Now we are going to give you some practice doing both tasks. Remember your PRIMARY task is to understand each sentence as fully as possible. When the word “QUESTION?” appears at the bottom of the screen, prepare to answer a question about the sentence you have just read. Remember you will also be performing a SECONDARY task, which is to decide rapidly and accurately whether the word shown at the top of the screen occurred in the sentence you just read. Let’s do some practice trials.
Convincingly / Andy delivered a speech, and / persuasively / Andy addressed the stockholders.
(impressively)
Blissfully / Joanne colored a picture, and / jubilantly / Joanne played hopscotch.
(jubilantly)
How did Joanne play hopscotch?
blissfully jubilantly
Jovially / Carol watched the otters, and / loudly / Carol heard a lion roar.
(noisily)
Whimsically / Veronica looked at antiques, and / impulsively / Veronica made a purchase.
(impulsively)
What did Veronica do whimsically?
looked at antiques made a purchase
Gratefully / Kevin rode the subway, and / reluctantly / Kevin drove a station wagon.
(gratefully)
How did Kevin drive a station wagon?
gratefully reluctantly
OK. We need to tell you two more things that we didn’t mention before. First, please use only ONE HAND to press the two response keys. That hand should be THE HAND YOU NORMALLY WRITE WITH. On that hand, use your pointer finger (the finger closest to your thumb) to press one key, and your middle finger to press the other key. You MUST only use those TWO fingers throughout the experiment. Second, you will only receive feedback (“CORRECT”, “WRONG”, or “NO ANSWER”) after the questions during the actual experiment. You will not receive feedback after responding to the words.
Now, we need to find out if you want to continue to participate in the experiment (we hope you do!). If you want to participate, we need you to sign the statement of informed consent that is on the clipboard. When you have signed the forms the experimenter will come around and pick them up. If you have any questions feel free to ask the experimenter now.
Experimentals:
A1S1 = Adverb phrase one is the target, “sentence” one is used (e.g. in sentence 1 Robert sang a song would be sentence one and Robert played the guitar would be sentence two)
A2S1 = Adverb phrase two is the target, sentence one is used.
A1S2 = Adverb phrase one is the target, sentence two is used.
A2S2 = Adverb phrase two is the target, sentence two is used.
1.) A1S1 Intensely / Robert sang a song, and / skillfully / Robert played the guitar.
A2S1 Skillfully / Robert sang a song, and / intensely / Robert played the guitar.
A1S2 Intensely / Robert played the guitar, and / skillfully / Robert sang a song.
A2S2 Skillfully / Robert played the guitar, and / intensely / Robert sang a song.
(intensely) 2
A1S1 How did Robert play the guitar?
intensely skillfully
A2S1 How di d Robert play the guitar?
skillfully intensely
A1S2 How did Robert sing a song?
intensely skillfully
A2S2 How did Robert sing a song?
skillfully intensely
2.) A1S1 Mockingly / Charlie told a story, and / sarcastically / Charlie cracked a joke.
A2S1 Sarcastically / Charlie told a story, and / mockingly / Charlie cracked a joke.
A1S2 Mockingly / Charlie cracked a joke, and / sarcastically / Charlie told a story.
A2S2 Sarcastically / Charlie cracked a joke, and / mockingly / Charlie told a story.
(mockingly) 1
A1S1 How did Charlie tell a story?
mockingly sarcastically
A2S1 How did Charlie tell a story?
sarcastically mockingly
A1S2 How did Charlie crack a joke?
mockingly sarcastically
A2S2 How did Charlie crack a joke?
sarcastically mockingly
3.) A1S1 Patiently / Tim mowed the lawn, and / carefully / Tim weeded the garden.
A2S1 Carefully / Tim mowed the lawn, and / patiently / Tim weeded the garden.
A1S2 Patiently / Tim weeded the garden, and / carefully / Tim mowed the lawn.
A2S2 Carefully / Tim weeded the garden, and / patiently / Tim mowed the lawn.
(patiently) 4
A1S1 What did Tim do carefully?
mowed the lawn weeded the garden
A2S1 What did Tim do patiently?
mowed the lawn weeded the garden
A1S2 What did Tim do carefully?
weeded the garden mowed the lawn
A2S2 What did Tim do patiently?
weeded the garden mowed the lawn
4.) A1S1 Calmly / Susie comforted the patient, and / quietly / Susie examined the x-rays.
A2S1 Quietly / Susie comforted the patient, and / calmly / Susie examined the x-rays.
A1S2 Calmly / Susie examined the x-rays, and / quietly / Susie comforted the patient.
A2S2 Quietly / Susie examined the x-rays, and / calmly / Susie comforted the patient.
(calmly) 2
A1S1 How did Susie examine the x-rays?
calmly quietly
A2S1 How did Susie examine the x-rays?
quietly calmly
A1S2 How did Susie comfort the patient?
calmly quietly
A2S2 How did Susie comfort the patient?
quietly calmly
5.) A1S1 Lovingly / Elaine signed the card, and / thoughtfully / Elaine wrapped the present.
A2S1 Thoughtfully / Elaine signed the card, and / lovingly / Elaine wrapped the present.
A1S2 Lovingly / Elaine wrapped the present, and / thoughtfully / Elaine signed the card.
A2S2 Thoughtfully / Elaine wrapped the present, and / lovingly / Elaine signed the card.
(lovingly) 3
A1S1 What did Elaine do lovingly?
signed the card wrapped the present
A2S1 What did Elaine do thoughtfully?
signed the card wrapped the present
A1S2 What did Elaine do lovingly?
wrapped the present signed the card
A2S2 What did Elaine do thoughtfully?
wrapped the present signed the card
6.) A1S1 Creatively / Eve painted the walls, and / proficiently / Eve laid the tiles.
A2S1 Proficiently / Eve painted the walls, and / creatively / Eve laid the tiles.
A1S2 Creatively / Eve laid the tiles, and / proficiently / Eve painted the walls.
A2S2 Proficiently / Eve laid the tiles, and / creatively / Eve painted the walls.
(creatively) 4
A1S1 What did Eve do proficiently?
painted the walls laid the tiles
A2S1 What did Eve do creatively?
painted the walls laid the tiles
A1S2 What did Eve do proficiently?
laid the tiles painted the walls
A2S2 What did Eve do creatively?
laid the tiles painted the walls
7.) A1S1 Precisely / Kate counted the bills, and / methodically / Kate sorted the change.
A2S1 Methodically / Kate counted the bills, and / precisely / Kate sorted the change.
A1S2 Precisely / Kate sorted the change, and / methodically / Kate counted the bills.
A2S2 Methodically / Kate sorted the change, and / precisely / Kate counted the bills.
(precisely) 1
A1S1 How did Kate count the bills?
precisely methodically
A2S1 How did Kate count the bills?
methodically precisely
A1S2 How did Kate sort the change?
precisely methodically
A2S2 How did Kate sort the change?
methodically precisely
8.) A1S1 Expertly / Ed set up the tent, and / systematically / Ed gathered kindling.
A2S1 Systematically / Ed set up the tent, and / expertly / Ed gathered kindling.
A1S2 Expertly / Ed gathered kindling, and / systematically / Ed set up the tent.
A2S2 Systematically / Ed gathered kindling, and / expertly / Ed set up the tent.
(expertly) 3
A1S1 What did Ed do expertly?
set up the tent gathered kindling
A2S1 What did Ed do systematically?
set up the tent gathered kindling
A1S2 What did Ed do expertly?
gathered kindling set up the tent
A2S2 What did Ed do systematically?
gathered kindling set up the tent
9.) A1S1 Hurriedly / Annie mixed drinks, and / enthusiastically / Annie served snacks.
A2S1 Enthusiastically / Annie mixed drinks, and / hurriedly / Annie served snacks.
A1S2 Hurriedly / Annie served snacks, and / enthusiastically / Annie mixed drinks.
A2S2 Enthusiastically / Annie served snacks, and / hurriedly / Annie mixed drinks.
(hurriedly) 1
A1S1 How did Annie mix drinks?
hurriedly enthusiastically
A2S1 How did Annie mix drinks?
enthusiastically hurriedly
A1S2 How did Annie serve snacks?
hurriedly enthusiastically
A2S2 How did Annie serve snacks?
enthusiastically hurriedly
10.) A1S1 Evenly / Adam measured flour, and / efficiently / Adam ground nuts.
A2S1 Efficiently / Adam measured flour, and / evenly / Adam ground nuts.
A1S2 Evenly / Adam ground nuts, and / efficiently / Adam measured flour.
A2S2 Efficiently / Adam ground nuts, and / evenly / Adam measured flour.
(evenly) 2
A1S1 How did Adam grind nuts?
evenly efficiently
A2S1 How did Adam grind nuts?
efficiently evenly
A1S2 How did Adam measure flour?
evenly efficiently
A2S2 How did Adam measure flour?
efficiently evenly
11.) A1S1 Excitedly / Dennis climbed on the monkey bars, and / energetically / Dennis slid on the slide.
A2S1 Energetically / Dennis climbed on the monkey bars, and / excitedly / Dennis slid on the slide.
A1S2 Excitedly / Dennis slid on the slide, and / energetically / Dennis climbed on the monkey bars.
A2S2 Energetically / Dennis slid on the slide, and / excitedly / Dennis climbed on the monkey bars.
(excitedly) 4
A1S1 What did Dennis do energetically?
climbed on the monkey bars slid on the slide
A2S1 What did Dennis do by the excitedly?
climbed on the monkey bars slid on the slide
A1S2 What did Dennis do energetically?
slid on the slide climbed on the monkey bars
A2S2 What did Dennis do by the excitedly?
slid on the slide climbed on the monkey bars
12.) A1S1 Nervously / Karen closed the drapes, and / suspiciously / Karen locked the door.
A2S1 Suspiciously / Karen closed the drapes, and / nervously / Karen locked the door.
A1S2 Nervously / Karen locked the door, and / suspiciously / Karen closed the drapes.
A2S2 Suspiciously / Karen locked the door, and / nervously / Karen closed the drapes.
(nervously) 2
A1S1 How did Karen lock the door?
nervously suspiciously
A2S1 How did Karen lock the door?
suspiciously nervously
A1S2 How did Karen close the drapes?
nervously suspiciously
A2S2 How did Karen close the drapes?
suspiciously nervously
13.) A1S1 Painstakingly / Joel inflated the tires, and / purposefully / Joel changed the oil.
A2S1 Purposefully / Joel inflated the tires, and / painstakingly / Joel changed the oil.
A1S2 Painstakingly / Joel changed the oil, and / purposefully / Joel inflated the tires.
A2S2 Purposefully / Joel changed the oil, and / painstakingly / Joel inflated the tires.
(painstakingly) 3
A1S1 What did Joel do painstakingly?
inflated the tires changed the oil
A2S1 What did Joel do purposefully?
inflated the tires changed the oil
A1S2 What did Joel do painstakingly?
changed the oil inflated the tires
A2S2 What did Joel do purposefully?
changed the oil inflated the tires
14.) A1S1 Seriously / Harold monitored the blood pressure, and / attentively / Harold examined the EEG.
A2S1 Attentively / Harold monitored the blood pressure, and / seriously / Harold examined the EEG.
A1S2 Seriously / Harold examined the EEG, and / attentively / Harold monitored the blood pressure.
A2S2 Attentively / Harold examined the EEG, and / seriously / Harold monitored the blood pressure.
(seriously) 4
A1S1 What did Harold do attentively?
monitored the blood pressure examined the EEG
A2S1 What did Harold do seriously?
monitored the blood pressure examined the EEG
A1S2 What did Harold do attentively?
examined the EEG monitored the blood pressure
A2S2 What did Harold do seriously?
examined the EEG monitored the blood pressure
15.) A1S1 Busily / Alex dusted the shelves, and / actively / Alex swept the floor.
A2S1 Actively / Alex dusted the shelves, and / busily / Alex swept the floor.
A1S2 Busily / Alex swept the floor, and / actively / Alex dusted the shelves.
A2S2 Actively / Alex swept the floor, and / busily / Alex dusted the shelves.
(busily) 1
A1S1 How did Alex dust the shelves?
busily actively
A2S1 How did Alex dust the shelves?
actively busily
A1S2 How did Alex sweep the floor?
busily actively
A2S2 How did Alex sweep the floor?
actively busily
16.) A1S1 Fervently / Marcia stacked the wood, and / zealously / Marcia wiped off the saw.
A2S1 Zealously / Marcia stacked the wood, and / fervently / Marcia wiped off the saw.
A1S2 Fervently / Marcia wiped off the saw, and / zealously / Marcia stacked the wood.
A2S2 Zealously / Marcia wiped off the saw, and / fervently / Marcia stacked the wood.
(fervently) 3
A1S1 What did Marcia do fervently?
stacked the wood wiped off the saw
A2S1 What did Marcia do zealously?
stacked the wood wiped off the saw
A1S2 What did Marcia do fervently?
wiped off the saw stacked the wood
A2S2 What did Marcia do zealously?
wiped off the saw stacked the wood
17.) A1S1 Assertively / Jonah tossed a Frisbee, and / vigorously / Jonah threw horseshoes.
A2S1 Vigorously / Jonah tossed a Frisbee, and / assertively / Jonah threw horseshoes.
A1S2 Assertively / Jonah threw horseshoes, and / vigorously / Jonah tossed a Frisbee.
A2S2 Vigorously / Jonah threw horseshoes, and / assertively / Jonah tossed a Frisbee.
(assertively) 4
A1S1 What did Jonah do vigorously?
tossed a Frisbee threw horseshoes
A2S1 What did Jonah do assertively?
tossed a Frisbee threw horseshoes
A1S2 What did Jonah do vigorously?
threw horseshoes tossed a Frisbee
A2S2 What did Jonah do assertively?
threw horseshoes tossed a Frisbee
18.) A1S1 Wistfully / Abby sketched the scenery, and / musingly / Abby flew a kite.
A2S1 Musingly / Abby sketched the scenery, and / wistfully / Abby flew a kite.
A1S2 Wistfully / Abby flew a kite, and / musingly / Abby sketched the scenery.
A2S2 Musingly / Abby flew a kite, and / wistfully / Abby sketched the scenery.
(wistfully) 2
A1S1 How did Abby fly a kite?
wistfully musingly
A2S1 How did Abby fly a kite?
musingly wistfully
A1S2 How did Abby sketch the scenery?
wistfully musingly
A2S2 How did Abby sketch the scenery?
musingly wistfully
19.) A1S1 Carelessly / Steve raked the leaves, and / negligently / Steve trimmed the hedges.
A2S1 Negligently / Steve raked the leaves, and / carelessly / Steve trimmed the hedges.
A1S2 Carelessly / Steve trimmed the hedges, and / negligently / Steve raked the leaves.
A2S2 Negligently / Steve trimmed the hedges, and / carelessly / Steve raked the leaves.
(carelessly) 1
A1S1 How did Steve rake the leaves?
carelessly negligently
A2S1 How did Steve rake the leaves?
negligently carelessly
A1S2 How did Steve trim the hedges?
carelessly negligently
A2S2 How did Steve trim the hedges?
negligently carelessly
20.) A1S1 Lazily / Dave listened to the walkman, and / sluggishly / Dave watched TV.
A2S1 Sluggishly / Dave listened to the walkman, and / lazily / Dave watched TV.
A1S2 Lazily / Dave watched TV, and / sluggishly / Dave listened to the walkman.
A2S2 Sluggishly / Dave watched TV, and / lazily / Dave listened to the walkman.
(lazily) 2
A1S1 How did Dave watch TV?
lazily sluggishly
A2S1 How did Dave watch TV?
sluggishly lazily
A1S2 How did Dave listen to the walkman?
lazily sluggishly
A2S2 How did Dave listen to the walkman?
sluggishly lazily
21.) A1S1 Confidently / Rachel fixed the flat, and / assuredly / Rachel greased the chain.
A2S1 Assuredly / Rachel fixed the flat, and / confidently / Rachel greased the chain.
A1S2 Confidently / Rachel greased the chain, and / assuredly / Rachel fixed the flat.
A2S2 Assuredly / Rachel greased the chain, and / confidently / Rachel fixed the flat.
(confidently) 4
A1S1 What did Rachel do assuredly?
fixed the flat greased the chain
A2S1 What did Rachel do confidently?
fixed the flat greased the chain
A1S2 What did Rachel do assuredly?
greased the chain fixed the flat
A2S2 What did Rachel do confidently?
greased the chain fixed the flat
22.) A1S1 Listlessly / Andrew ironed the shirts, and / inattentively / Andrew vacuumed the rug.
A2S1 Inattentively / Andrew ironed the shirts, and / listlessly / Andrew vacuumed the rug.
A1S2 Listlessly / Andrew vacuumed the rug, and / inattentively / Andrew ironed the shirts.
A2S2 Inattentively / Andrew vacuumed the rug, and / listlessly / Andrew ironed the shirts.
(listlessly) 3
A1S1 What did Andrew do listlessly?
ironed the shirts vacuumed the rug
A2S1 What did Andrew do inattentively?
ironed the shirts vacuumed the rug
A1S2 What did Andrew do listlessly?
vacuumed the rug ironed the shirts
A2S2 What did Andrew do inattentively?
vacuumed the rug ironed the shirts
23.) A1S1 Tediously / Dan read the notes, and / diligently / Dan studied the book.
A2S1 Diligently / Dan read the notes, and / tediously / Dan studied the book.
A1S2 Tediously / Dan studied the book, and / diligently / Dan read the notes.
A2S2 Diligently / Dan studied the book, and / tediously / Dan read the notes.
(tediously) 1
A1S1 How did Dan read the notes?
tediously diligently
A2S1 How did Dan read the notes?
diligently tediously
A1S2 How did Dan study the book?
tediously diligently
A2S2 How did Dan study the book?
diligently tediously
24.) A1S1 Greedily / Tracy scooped out ice cream, and / selfishly / Tracy cut the cake.
A2S1 Selfishly / Tracy scooped out ice cream, and / greedily / Tracy cut the cake.
A1S2 Greedily / Tracy cut the cake, and / selfishly / Tracy scooped out ice cream.
A2S2 Selfishly / Tracy cut the cake, and / greedily / Tracy scooped out ice cream.
(greedily) 3
A1S1 What did Tracy do greedily?
scooped out ice cream cut the cake
A2S1 What did Tracy do selfishly?
scooped out ice cream cut the cake
A1S2 What did Tracy do greedily?
cut the cake scooped out ice cream
A2S2 What did Tracy do selfishly?
cut the cake scooped out ice cream
25.) A1S1 Intently / Sybil did aerobics, and / determinedly / Sybil lifted weights.
A2S1 Determinedly / Sybil did aerobics, and / intently / Sybil lifted weights.
A1S2 Intently / Sybil lifted weights, and / determinedly / Sybil did aerobics.
A2S2 Determinedly / Sybil lifted weights, and / intently / Sybil did aerobics.
(intently) 3
A1S1 What did Sybil do intently?
did aerobics lifted weights
A2S1 What did Sybil do determinedly?
did aerobics lifted weights
A1S2 What did Sybil do intently?
lifted weights did aerobics
A2S2 What did Sybil do determinedly?
lifted weights did aerobics
26.) A1S1 Profusely / Erica watered the flowers, and / minimally / Erica fertilized the lawn.
A2S1 Minimally / Erica watered the flowers, and / profusely / Erica fertilized the lawn.
A1S2 Profusely / Erica fertilized the lawn, and / minimally / Erica watered the flowers.
A2S2 Minimally / Erica fertilized the lawn, and / profusely / Erica watered the flowers.
(profusely) 1
A1S1 How did Erica water the flowers?
profusely minimally
A2S1 How did Erica water the flowers?
minimally profusely
A1S2 How did Erica fertilize the lawn?
profusely minimally
A2S2 How did Erica fertilize the lawn?
minimally profusely
27.) A1S1 Recklessly / Justin poured a beer, and / sloppily / Justin put on an album.
A2S1 Sloppily / Justin poured a beer, and / recklessly / Justin put on an album.
A1S2 Recklessly / Justin put on an album, and / sloppily / Justin poured a beer.
A2S2 Sloppily / Justin put on an album, and / recklessly / Justin poured a beer.
(recklessly) 4
A1S1 What did Justin do sloppily?
poured a beer put on an album
A2S1 What did Justin do recklessly?
poured a beer put on an album
A1S2 What did Justin do sloppily?
put on an album poured a beer
A2S2 What did Justin do recklessly?
put on an album poured a beer
28.) A1S1 Drowsily / Brenda fried eggs, and / wearily / Brenda brewed coffee.
A2S1 Wearily / Brenda fried eggs, and / drowsily / Brenda brewed coffee.
A1S2 Drowsily / Brenda brewed coffee, and / wearily / Brenda fried eggs.
A2S2 Wearily / Brenda brewed coffee, and / drowsily / Brenda fried eggs.
(drowsily) 2
A1S1 How did Brenda brew coffee?
drowsily wearily
A2S1 How did Brenda brew coffee?
wearily drowsily
A1S2 How did Brenda fry eggs?
drowsily wearily
A2S2 How did Brenda fry eggs?
wearily drowsily
29.) A1S1 Elaborately / Mark wrote the music, and / intuitively / Mark made up the words.
A2S1 Intuitively / Mark wrote the music, and / elaborately / Mark made up the words.
A1S2 Elaborately / Mark made up the words, and / intuitively / Mark wrote the music.
A2S2 Intuitively / Mark made up the words, and / elaborately / Mark wrote the music.
(elaborately) 2
A1S1 How did Mark make up the words?
elaborately intuitively
A2S1 How did Mark make up the words?
intuitively elaborately
A1S2 How did Mark write the music?
elaborately intuitively
A2S2 How did Mark write the music?
intuitively elaborately
30.) A1S1 Productively / John sorted the mail, and / effectively / John typed a letter.
A2S1 Effectively / John sorted the mail, and / productively / John typed a letter.
A1S2 Productively / John typed a letter, and / effectively / John sorted the mail.
A2S2 Effectively / John typed a letter, and / productively / John sorted the mail.
(productively) 1
A1S1 How did John sort the mail?
productively effectively
A2S1 How did John sort the mail?
effectively productively
A1S2 How did John type the letter?
productively effectively
A2S2 How did John type the letter?
effectively productively
31.) A1S1 Happily / Amelia chilled the champagne, and / joyfully / Amelia decorated the room.
A2S1 Joyfully / Amelia chilled the champagne, and / happily / Amelia decorated the room.
A1S2 Happily / Amelia decorated the room, and / joyfully / Amelia chilled the champagne.
A2S2 Joyfully / Amelia decorated the room, and / happily / Amelia chilled the champagne.
(happily) 1
A1S1 How did Amelia chill the champagne?
happily joyfully
A2S1 How did Amelia chill the champagne?
joyfully happily
A1S2 How did Amelia decorate the room?
happily joyfully
A2S2 How did Amelia decorate the room?
joyfully happily
32.) A1S1 Hesitatingly / Katie interrogated the suspect, and / doubtfully / Katie performed the autopsy.
A2S1 Doubtfully / Katie interrogated the suspect, and / hesitatingly / Katie performed the autopsy.
A1S2 Hesitatingly / Katie performed the autopsy, and / doubtfully / Katie interrogated the suspect.
A2S2 Doubtfully / Katie performed the autopsy, and / hesitatingly / Katie interrogated the suspect.
(hesitatingly) 3
A1S1 What did Katie do hesitatingly?
interrogated the suspect performed the autopsy
A2S1 What did Katie do doubtfully?
interrogated the suspect performed the autopsy
A1S2 What did Katie do hesitatingly?
performed the autopsy interrogated the suspect
A2S2 What did Katie do doubtfully?
performed the autopsy interrogated the suspect
33.) A1S1 Searchingly / Drew noticed a zebra, and / accidentally / Drew spotted a kangaroo.
A2S1 Accidentally / Drew noticed a zebra, and / searchingly / Drew spotted a kangaroo.
A1S2 Searchingly / Drew spotted a kangaroo, and / accidentally / Drew noticed a zebra.
A2S2 Accidentally / Drew spotted a kangaroo, and / searchingly / Drew noticed a zebra.
(searchingly) 4
A1S1 What did Drew do accidentally?
noticed a zebra spotted a kangaroo
A2S1 What did Drew do searchingly?
noticed a zebra spotted a kangaroo
A1S2 What did Drew do accidentally?
spotted a kangaroo noticed a zebra
A2S2 What did Drew do searchingly?
spotted a kangaroo noticed a zebra
34.) A1S1 Merrily / Amanda built sand castles, and / light-heartedly / Amanda skipped stones.
A2S1 Light-heartedly / Amanda built sand castles, and / merrily / Amanda skipped stones.
A1S2 Merrily / Amanda skipped stones, and / light-heartedly / Amanda built sand castles.
A2S2 Light-heartedly / Amanda skipped stones, and / merrily / Amanda built sand castles.
(merrily) 2
A1S1 How did Amanda skip stones?
merrily light-heartedly
A2S1 How did Amanda skip stones
light-heartedly merrily
A1S2 How did Amanda build sand castles?
merrily light-heartedly
A2S2 How did Amanda build sand castles?
light-heartedly merrily
35.) A1S1 Laboriously / Peter folded the umbrella, and / sheepishly / Peter took off the raincoat.
A2S1 Sheepishly / Peter folded the umbrella, and / laboriously / Peter took off the raincoat.
A1S2 Laboriously / Peter took off the raincoat, and / sheepishly / Peter folded the umbrella.
A2S2 Sheepishly / Peter took off the raincoat, and / laboriously / Peter folded the umbrella.
(laboriously) 4
A1S1 What did Peter do sheepishly?
folded the umbrella took off the raincoat
A2S1 What did Peter do laboriously?
folded the umbrella took off the raincoat
A1S2 What did Peter do sheepishly?
took off the raincoat folded the umbrella
A2S2 What did Peter do laboriously?
took off the raincoat folded the umbrella
36.) A1S1 Exquisitely / Chad blew up balloons, and / elegantly / Chad hung up streamers.
A2S1 Elegantly / Chad blew up balloons, and / exquisitely / Chad hung up streamers.
A1S2 Exquisitely / Chad hung up streamers, and / elegantly / Chad blew up balloons.
A2S2 Elegantly / Chad hung up streamers, and / exquisitely / Chad blew up balloons.
(exquisitely) 2
A1S1 How did Chad hang up streamers?
exquisitely elegantly
A2S1 How did Chad hang up streamers?
elegantly exquisitely
A1S2 How did Chad blow up balloons?
exquisitely elegantly
A2S2 How did Chad blow up balloons?
elegantly exquisitely
37.) A1S1 Quickly / Jason adjusted the rearview mirror, and / swiftly / Jason switched on the defroster.
A2S1 Swiftly / Jason adjusted the rearview mirror, and / quickly / Jason switched on the defroster.
A1S2 Quickly / Jason switched on the defroster, and / swiftly / Jason adjusted the rearview mirror.
A2S2 Swiftly / Jason switched on the defroster, and / quickly / Jason adjusted the rearview mirror.
(quickly) 3
A1S1 What did Jason do quickly?
adjusted the rearview mirror switched on the defroster
A2S1 What did Jason do swiftly?
adjusted the rearview mirror switched on the defroster
A1S2 What did Jason do quickly?
switched on the defroster adjusted the rearview mirror
A2S2 What did Jason do swiftly?
switched on the defroster adjusted the rearview mirror
38.) A1S1 Capably / Gretchen boiled the pasta, and / sensibly / Gretchen stirred the sauce.
A2S1 Sensibly / Gretchen boiled the pasta, and / capably / Gretchen stirred the sauce.
A1S2 Capably / Gretchen stirred the sauce, and / sensibly / Gretchen boiled the pasta.
A2S2 Sensibly / Gretchen stirred the sauce, and / capably / Gretchen boiled the pasta.
(capably) 1
A1S1 How did Gretchen boil the pasta?
capably sensibly
A2S1 How did Gretchen boil the pasta?
sensibly capably
A1S2 How did Gretchen stir the sauce?
capably sensibly
A2S2 How did Gretchen stir the sauce?
sensibly capably
39.) A1S1 Repetitiously / Catherine brought out paper, and / monotonously / Catherine sharpened pencils.
A2S1 Monotonously / Catherine brought out paper, and / repetitiously / Catherine sharpened pencils.
A1S2 Repetitiously / Catherine sharpened pencils, and / monotonously / Catherine brought out paper.
A2S2 Monotonously / Catherine sharpened pencils, and / repetitiously / Catherine brought out paper.
(repetitiously) 2
A1S1 How did Catherine sharpen pencils?
repetitiously monotonously
A2S1 How did Catherine sharpen pencils?
monotonously repetitiously
A1S2 How did Catherine bring out paper?
repetitiously monotonously
A2S2 How did Catherine bring out paper?
monotonously repetitiously
40.) A1S1 Promptly / Joan consulted the grocery list, and / briskly / Joan pushed the cart.
A2S1 Briskly / Joan consulted the grocery list, and / promptly / Joan pushed the cart.
A1S2 Promptly / Joan pushed the cart, and / briskly / Joan consulted the grocery list.
A2S2 Briskly / Joan pushed the cart, and / promptly / Joan consulted the grocery list.
(promptly) 3
A1S1 What did Joan do promptly?
consulted the grocery list pushed the cart
A2S1 What did Joan do briskly?
consulted the grocery list pushed the cart
A1S2 What did Joan do promptly?
pushed the cart consulted the grocery list
A2S2 What did Joan do briskly?
pushed the cart consulted the grocery list
41.) A1S1 Dutifully / Mary folded the clothes, and / compliantly / Mary straightened the bed.
A2S1 Compliantly / Mary folded the clothes, and / dutifully / Mary straightened the bed.
A1S2 Dutifully / Mary straightened the bed, and / compliantly / Mary folded the clothes.
A2S2 Compliantly / Mary straightened the bed, and / dutifully / Mary folded the clothes.
(dutifully) 4
A1S1 What did Mary do compliantly?
folded the clothes straightened the bed
A2S1 What did Mary dutifully?
folded the clothes straightened the bed
A1S2 What did Mary do compliantly?
straightened the bed folded the clothes
A2S2 What did Mary do dutifully?
straightened the bed folded the clothes
42. A1S1 Nonchalantly / Sharon sipped some tea, and / indifferently / Sharon munched on cookies.
A2S1 Indifferently / Sharon sipped some tea, and / Nonchalantly / Sharon munched on cookies.
A1S2 Nonchalantly / Sharon munched on cookies, and / indifferently / Sharon sipped some tea.
A2S2 Indifferently / Sharon munched on cookies, and / nonchalantly / Sharon sipped some tea.
(nonchalantly) 3
A1S1 What did Sharon do nonchalantly?
sipped some tea munched on cookies
A2S1 What did Sharon do indifferently?
sipped some tea munched on cookies
A1S2 What did Sharon do nonchalantly?
munched on cookies sipped some tea
A2S2 What did Sharon do indifferently?
munched on cookies sipped some tea
43.) A1S1 Tastefully / Kyle placed the napkins, and / decoratively / Kyle lit the candles.
A2S1 Decoratively / Kyle placed the napkins, and / tastefully / Kyle lit the candles.
A1S2 Tastefully / Kyle lit the candles, and / decoratively / Kyle placed the napkins.
A2S2 Decoratively / Kyle lit the candles, and / tastefully / Kyle placed the napkins.
(tastefully) 1
A1S1 How did Kyle place the napkins?
tastefully decoratively
A2S1 How did Kyle place the napkins?
decoratively tastefully
A1S2 How did Kyle light the candles?
tastefully decoratively
A2S2 How did Kyle light the candles?
decoratively tastefully
44.) A1S1 Deviously / Joe erased the tapes, and / secretively / Joe bribed the witness.
A2S1 Secretively / Joe erased the tapes, and / deviously / Joe bribed the witness.
A1S2 Deviously / Joe bribed the witness, and / secretively / Joe erased the tapes.
A2S2 Secretively / Joe bribed the witness, and / deviously / Joe erased the tapes.
(deviously) 4
A1S1 What did Joe do secretively?
erased the tapes bribed the witness
A2S1 What did Joe do deviously?
erased the tapes bribed the witness
A1S2 What did Joe do secretively?
bribed the witness erased the tapes
A2S2 What did Joe do deviously?
bribed the witness erased the tapes
45.) A1S1 Contemplatively / Cheryl hung the curtains, and / selectively / Cheryl arranged the furniture.
A2S1 Selectively / Cheryl hung the curtains, and / contemplatively / Cheryl arranged the furniture.
A1S2 Contemplatively / Cheryl arranged the furniture, and / selectively / Cheryl hung the curtains.
A2S2 Selectively / Cheryl arranged the furniture, and / contemplatively / Cheryl hung the curtains.
(contemplatively) 2
A1S1 How did Cheryl arrange the furniture?
contemplatively selectively
A2S1 How did Cheryl arrange the furniture?
selectively contemplatively
A1S2 How did Cheryl hang the curtains?
contemplatively selectively
A2S2 How did Cheryl hang the curtains?
selectively contemplatively
46.) A1S1 Agitatedly / Monica chopped vegetables, and / distractedly / Monica cut up the meat.
A2S1 Distractedly / Monica chopped vegetables, and / agitatedly / Monica cut up the meat.
A1S2 Agitatedly / Monica cut up the meat, and / distractedly / Monica chopped vegetables.
A2S2 Distractedly / Monica cut up the meat, and / agitatedly / Monica chopped vegetables.
(agitatedly) 1
A1S1 How did Monica chop the vegetables?
agitatedly distractedly
A2S1 How did Monica chop the vegetables?
distractedly agitatedly
A1S2 How did Monica cut up the meat?
agitatedly distractedly
A2S2 How did Monica cut up the meat?
distractedly agitatedly
47.) A1S1 Tenderly / Janet pruned a fern, and / cautiously / Janet repotted an ivy.
A2S1 Cautiously / Janet pruned a fern, and / tenderly / Janet repotted an ivy.
A1S2 Tenderly / Janet repotted an ivy, and / cautiously / Janet pruned a fern.
A2S2 Cautiously / Janet repotted an ivy, and / tenderly / Janet pruned a fern.
(tenderly) 4
A1S1 What did Janet do cautiously?
pruned a fern repotted an ivy
A2S1 What did Janet do tenderly?
pruned a fern repotted an ivy
A1S2 What did Janet do cautiously?
repotted an ivy pruned a fern
A2S2 What did Janet do tenderly?
repotted an ivy pruned a fern
48.) A1S1 Angrily / Bobby crushed ice, and / forcefully / Bobby squeezed oranges.
A2S1 Forcefully / Bobby crushed ice, and / angrily / Bobby squeezed oranges.
A1S2 Angrily / Bobby squeezed oranges, and / forcefully / Bobby crushed ice.
A2S2 Forcefully / Bobby squeezed oranges, and / angrily / Bobby crushed ice.
(angrily) 3
A1S1 What did Bobby do angrily?
crushed ice squeezed oranges
A2S1 What did Bobby do forcefully?
crushed ice squeezed oranges
A1S2 What did Bobby do angrily?
squeezed oranges crushed ice
A2S2 What did Bobby do forcefully?
squeezed oranges crushed ice
Fillers:
1. Gently / James petted the cat, and / devotedly / James fed the dog.
(compassionately)
2. Thoroughly / Pamela broiled the beef, and / mindfully / Pamela cooked the broccoli.
(completely)
3. Devilishly / Philip planned an attack, and / wickedly / Philip tortured the prisoners.
(crazily)
4. Clumsily / Shawna lost a pole, and / accidentally / Shawna broke a leg.
(cloddishly)
5. Pointedly / Craig checked the baggage, and / idly / Craig read a magazine.
(particularly)
6. Daintily / Melissa baited the hook, and / surprisingly / Melissa caught a fish.
(disgustingly)
7. Haphazardly / Paul packed the suitcases, and / aimlessly / Paul loaded the trunk.
(randomly)
8. Religiously / Maria sang a hymn, and / devoutly / Maria said a prayer.
(piously)
9. Uniformly / Joshua stocked shelves, and / casually / Joshua cleaned the booths.
(orderly)
10. Shrewdly / Tina made a deposit, and / irrationally / Tina withdrew money.
(foolishly)
11. Dexterously / Brett chopped wood, and / competently / Brett built a fire.
(deftly)
12. Gingerly / Emily milked the cows, and / successfully / Emily rode a horse.
(guardedly)
13. Absent-mindedly / Jerry bought gum, and / deliberately / Jerry hailed a cab.
(pensively)
14. Sleepily / Kirsten lay on the sand, and / freely / Kirsten frolicked in the waves.
(dreamily)
15. Adeptly / Morton drew a graph, and / brightly / Morton presented a chart.
(cleverly)
16. Sneakily / Jenny photographed the wildlife, and / furtively / Jenny videotaped the inhabitants.
(stealthily)
17. Slowly / Herman mixed potions, and / delightedly / Herman performed an experiment.
(meticulously)
18. Eagerly / Michelle ordered food, and / hungrily / Michelle ate dessert.
(impatiently)
19. Unexpectedly / Scott found an ancient coin, and / suddenly / Scott discovered a secret passageway.
(startlingly)
20. Politely / Gina shared cotton candy, and / gaily / Gina strolled along the fairway.
(elatedly)
21. Watchfully / Brian mixed the chemicals, and / observantly / Brian viewed the negatives.
(scrutinizingly)
22. Hatefully / Sydney spread a rumor, and / maliciously / Sydney told a lie.
(hostilely)
23. Gluttonously / Fred drank a cocktail, and / excessively / Fred smoked cigarettes.
(exorbitantly)
24. Outrageously / Elena purchased a dress, and / extravagantly / Elena got a perm.
(wastefully)
25. Ravenously / Vaughn ate a sandwich, and / refreshingly / Vaughn slurped a smoothie.
(voraciously)
26. Overwhelmingly / Melanie looked at the stars, and / entrancingly / Melanie gazed at the moon.
(irresistibly)
27. Heedlessly / Griffin rode a motorcycle, and / helplessly / Griffin went in the ditch.
(absurdly)
28. Tranquilly / Dana read a novel, and / serenely / Dana picked wildflowers.
(stoically)
29. Fearfully / Billy saw a ghost, and / perturbingly / Billy had a nightmare.
(terribly)
30. Punctually / Debby met a friend, and / contentedly / Debby listened to a band.
(immediately)
31. Strategically / Aaron shot pool, and / defensively / Aaron played laser tag.
(tactically)
32. Heroically / Tricia delivered a baby, and / valiantly / Tricia saved a life.
(bravely)
33. Speedily / Jacob parked the bike, and / cheerfully / Jacob bought a hot dog.
(rapidly)
34. Egotistically / Julia studied a sculpture, and / snobbishly / Julia critiqued a painting.
(conscientiously)
35. Wastingly / Jeremy spent the quarters, and / optimistically / Jeremy rolled the dice.
(hopefully)
36. Fixedly / Lisa gazed at the mountains, and / reflectively / Lisa admired the vista.
(captivatingly)
37. Hastily / Randy shifted gears, and / irately / Randy honked the horn.
(irritably)
38. Wildly / Ann danced to techno, and / thirstily / Ann took a drink.
(frantically)
39. Covertly / Joey played hide and seek, and / leisurely / Joey filled a pail.
(slyly)
40. Routinely / Adrienne collected the eggs, and / daily / Adrienne slopped the pigs.
(regularly)
41. Strenuously / Greg rode the exercise bike, and / gleefully / Greg took a shower.
(exuberantly)
42. Artistically / Jeannie snapped photographs, and / reverently / Jeannie stood in awe.
(wondrously)
43. Kindly / Chauncy paid for popcorn, and / immaturely / Chauncy screamed with fear.
(childishly)
44. Steadily / Gertrude docked the boat, and / masterfully / Gertrude tied the ropes down.
(stably)
45. Fussily / Toby picked out the pastries, and / finically / Toby chose a steak.
(peculiarly)
46. Alertly / Valerie spotted the ball, and / decisively / Valerie pulled out a putter.
(conclusively)
47. Offensively / Will shot the puck, and / violently / Will checked the defenseman.
(powerfully)
48. Warily / Virginia calmed her nerves, and / respectably / Virginia gave a speech.
(presentably)